Luminal decoration of blood vessels by activated perivasal mast cells in allergic rhinitis
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Publication Details
Output type: Journal article
Author list: Schaefer, Zajonz, Lorentz, Bohnacker, Wymann, Schweighoffer
Publisher: Wiley
Publication year: 2012
Journal: Allergy (0105-4538)
Volume number: 67
Issue number: 4
Start page: 510
End page: 20
Number of pages: -489
ISSN: 0105-4538
eISSN: 1398-9995
Languages: English-Great Britain (EN-GB)
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Open access status: closed
Abstract
BACKGROUND\nIn allergic diseases, like in rhinitis, antigen challenge induces rapid degranulation of tissue resident mast cells and subsequent recruitment of leukocytes in response to soluble immunmodulators. The fate of mast cell-derived, membrane associated factors in inflamed tissue remained however unresolved.\nMETHODS\nComponents of the mast cell granular membrane, including the unique marker CD63var, were examined by FACS and by confocal laser scanning microscopy in cell culture and in diseased human tissue.\nRESULTS\nWe discovered that selected mast cell membrane components appeared on the surface of distinct bystander cells. Acceptor cells did not acquire these molecules simply by uptake of soluble material or in the form of exosomes. Instead, physically stable cell-to-cell contact was required for transfer, in which a Notch2-Jagged1 interaction played a decisive role. This process is activation-dependent, unidirectional, and involves a unique membrane topology. Endothelial cells were particularly efficient acceptors. In organotypic 3D in vitro cultures we found that transferred mast cell molecules traversed an endothelial monolayer, and reappeared focally compacted on its distal surface, away from the actual contact zone. Moreover, we observed that such mast cell-derived membrane patches decorate microcapillaries in the nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis patients.\nCONCLUSION\nDirect membrane transfer from perivasal mast cells into nearby blood vessels constitutes a novel mechanism to modulate endothelial surface features with apparent significance in allergic diseases.
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